Most of the new laws banning or restricting suspension or expulsion apply only to preschools that are publicly funded. Research shows that young children who are expelled or suspended are as much as 10 times more likely to drop out of high school, to hold negative attitudes about school and to end up in jail. The crisis is even more extreme for children of color and those with disabilities, who are much more likely than their peers to suffer the potentially devastating consequences that come from the disruption.
Preschoolers are three times more likely than older children to be kicked out of school, a 2005 study found. “I just wanted to get him the help he needs,” she said, “but it’s very hard to do that.” ‘One step of a 100-step process’ When the school kicked him out, Sinclair said she was offered no alternatives. The private program her son attended when he was 3 wasn’t subject to New York City’s preschool expulsion ban because it didn’t take city money. “I don’t understand what parents are supposed to do,” Sinclair said, noting that her son, who is now almost 6, had sensory processing issues and post-traumatic stress disorder from witnessing violence in his home.
The result was that all three found themselves scrambling for other options when the preschools they depended on suddenly banished their sons.
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When Tsai, Sinclair and Marien’s children were expelled, they were attending schools that were outside the reach of city and state expulsion bans, or schools that were still figuring out how to comply with new regulations. “If there’s no funding to train teachers and educators to engage with young children in new and different ways, then you’re not changing anything.” Debra Sinclair said she had no recourse when a private preschool in New York City expelled her son Makhari. “When you institute a ban and just a ban with no funds and no support for implementation, you in my opinion are basically doing nothing,” said Cemeré James, senior vice president of policy for the National Black Child Development Institute, a nonprofit organization based in the Washington area. Even in states that have passed laws largely banning the practice, advocates say, many teachers lack the additional training and support they need to prevent dangerous behaviors and to keep all children safe in school.
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